Is the world undergoing another transition?

The world last experienced the significant shift from the medieval era to the modern age between 1500 and 1800. This transition ushered in an era of hope and opportunity, breaking the chains of oppression and fostering creativity in all facets of human life. Although there is no specific date marking the start or end of this period, it saw the decline of feudalism and the rise of new socio-economic structures in Europe, even as religious institutions gained influence. This era was marked by globalization, as trade routes expanded to previously uncharted territories. It transformed daily life with groundbreaking discoveries in both the arts and sciences. While Asia may have seen its zenith of achievements earlier, this period also became a significant chapter in its history. Several saints emerged during this time, initiating substantial social reforms. Notably, their teachings resonated universally, contributing to the unification of a deeply fragmented society.

The transition was not without its costs; the world saw numerous bloody conflicts during that era. The spread of the Inquisition led to devastating wars fought largely over religious differences, yet peace was eventually secured with the signing of the Peace of Westphalia. Regrettably, this also resulted in dominance through resource exploitation and colonization. Consequently, the Western world experienced the so-called "Great Divergence," surpassing Asia in per capita wealth. The French and American revolutions brought about significant economic and political shifts. Trading centers established in Asia and Africa facilitated the spread of a particular religion to regions previously unexposed to it. These social, economic, and political shifts gave rise to a new world order. Although the invention of handheld firearms contributed to this new order, gunpowder had been invented in Asia long before. The two main drivers of these changes were the establishment of trade via sea routes and the expansion of religions into new areas. Interestingly, prior to this period, Asia dominated in science, mathematics, and other areas of human development, even while largely isolated. Surprisingly, Asia thrived in isolation across all indices of human development. While a historian might better narrate this, it is crucial for me to concentrate on the changes we have witnessed in modern life. 

Despite being a time of shifting international power, the era also bestowed upon the world remarkable literary, artistic, and architectural masterpieces. Numerous paintings, new art forms, and architectural wonders were created, including the emergence of various dance styles. Ballet, a product of the Renaissance, became a significant dance form with its unique techniques. The French minuet was another important dance of the era. Traditional dances from Poland, Ireland, Hungary, Germany, Italy, Ukraine, Czechia, and Russia, among others, were also prevalent. While some Asian dances emerged during this period, others like Bharatanatyam, Nang sbek, Bugaku, Denkaku, Sarugaku, Dashao, Daxia, Yayue, and the Lion dance were known long before, considered the oldest dance forms of humanity. Indian dances such as Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Chhau, Manipuri, and Mohiniyattam also flourished. However, the most profound change of the era was the scientific discoveries and inventions. The Scientific Revolution paved the way for the Industrial Revolution, shifting economic dependence from agriculture to industry through machine inventions. Noteworthy inventions of the Industrial Revolution include the steam engine, the light bulb, the telegraph, and automobiles, marking a transition from rural to urban life.

Having examined the aforementioned historical facts, the principal question remains unasked: Is the world on the brink of another significant transition in human history? Observing recent global events, it appears the stage is set for a major shift in world dynamics that will undoubtedly have socio-economic repercussions. The characteristics or indicators of this potential transition include: (i) countries becoming increasingly protective of their cultural heritage, (ii) concerns over a new world order, (iii) shifting economic dynamics due to a renewed focus on energy security, (iv) a drive to establish superiority or dominance, (v) an unprecedented spread of religious sentiments, (vi) fringe groups attempting to impose a singular ideology or control over certain societal segments, and (vii) the  conflicts (including potential hotbeds) in various regions of the world. While scientific discoveries, inventions, and financial transformations have been prevalent, the field of arts has seen no new inventions. For example, despite a renewed focus on reviving their historical art and culture, countries are not witnessing the emergence of new art forms, marking an exception to previous major historical transitions.

Our country too is increasingly becoming sensitive towards its cultural heritage linked to the global phenomena. As the aspirations of millions continue to rise, it is natural to challenge existing systems, much like individuals do during their formative years. This process unfolded in Europe and other regions centuries ago, fostering the emergence of advanced and mature societies. A similar transformation is bound to take place in our country over time as our society becomes increasingly aware of the detrimental effects of colonization, which is now regarded as an impediment to progress. Consequently, we have experienced inevitable changes in our surroundings which will continue until the society becomes stable and more mature. In such times, it's crucial to contribute constructively. The philosophy gaining relevance today is 'the world is one family.' Fully grasping this concept, we should realize that the origin of inventions, the languages we speak, or the cultures we follow become immaterial, as long as our actions aim to improve the lives of the inhabitants of our singular and shared Earth, and we welcome everything on this planet as a treasure. The only way to create a peaceful world is by ensuring it is built on justice for everyone.

Weeping Rose

12.10.2024